Acid Yellow 117, also known as Acid Yellow GR, is a synthetic dye belonging to the azo dye class. It is commonly used in the textile, paper, and leather industries for coloring various materials. The dye is characterized by its vibrant yellow color, which is highly visible and has good lightfastness.

Acid Yellow 117 is water-soluble and belongs to the group of acid dyes. It can easily form ionic bonds with fibers and other substrates, making it suitable for dyeing protein fibers such as silk, wool, and nylon, as well as synthetic fibers like polyester and acetate. The dye molecule contains sulfonic acid groups, which impart the necessary solubility and chemical reactivity.

One of the key features of Acid Yellow 117 is its pH sensitivity. It exhibits a color change depending on the acidity or alkalinity of the environment. In an acidic solution, the dye appears as a bright yellow shade, while in an alkaline solution, it shifts towards a more orange or red hue. This pH responsiveness makes it a versatile dye for achieving a range of shades and color variations.

Acid Yellow 117 can be applied to textiles through various dyeing techniques, including immersion dyeing, pad dyeing, and printing. It has good affinity and penetration properties, allowing the dye molecules to evenly distribute and adhere to the fibers' surface, resulting in vibrant and even coloration.

In terms of safety, Acid Yellow 117 is generally considered to be non-toxic and non-carcinogenic. However, as with any dye, proper safety precautions and regulatory guidelines should be to ensure safe handling and usage.

Overall, Acid Yellow 117 is a commonly used synthetic dye known for its bright yellow color, pH sensitivity, and suitability for a wide range of fiber types.